Calcium
Calcium is a naturally occurring mineral that is needed by the body to build and maintain strong bones and teeth. Because calcium is not made in the body, it must be absorbed from a person's dietary intake.
Calcium is shed from the body in skin, nails, hair, sweat, urine, and feces. When a person does not get enough calcium through their diet, the body must break down bone to obtain the mineral.
Throughout life, bones go through a process known as remodeling, in which small amounts of old bone are removed and new bone is formed in its place. Generally, after age 35, more bone is lost than gained. Bone loss accelerates after menopause.
Women are vulnerable to osteoporosis, or a thinning of the bones, which develops slowly over many years. Researchers believe that decreasing hormone levels, too little calcium in the diet early in life, and lack of exercise play a role in osteoporosis.
Calcium can be obtained from a variety of foods. Milk and dairy products are the biggest sources of calcium. Green leafy vegetables are another source of calcium. Therefore, eating a balanced diet with a variety of foods is very important.
